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(1) Ammonium phosphate Ammonium phosphate, referred to as ammonium phosphate, is made by neutralizing phosphoric acid with ammonia. Due to the different degrees of ammonia neutralization, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and triammonium phosphate can be generated respectively. The current domestic ammonium phosphate is actually a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate. Containing N14%-18%, containing P2O546%-50%, pure ammonium phosphate is off-white, and because it contains impurities, it is dark gray. Ammonium phosphate is easily soluble in water and has certain hygroscopicity. Moisture-proofing agents are usually added and made into granules to facilitate storage, transportation and application. Ammonium phosphate is suitable for various crops and soils, especially for crops that require more phosphorus and phosphorus-deficient soils. When applying ammonium phosphate, the amount of phosphorus should be considered first. Insufficient nitrogen can be supplemented by elemental nitrogen fertilizer. Ammonium phosphate can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing and seed fertilizer. As base fertilizer and top dressing, it is generally suitable to use 10?-15? per 667m2, which can be applied in furrows or holes. As seed fertilizer, 2?-3? per 667m2 is appropriate, but it should not be in direct contact with the seeds to prevent affecting germination and causing Burn seedlings. The basal fertilizer for mature fruit trees is 2.5% per tree. Top dressing can be applied outside the roots with a spray concentration of 0.5%-1%. Ammonium phosphate cannot be mixed or stored with alkaline substances such as plant ash and lime. Ammonium phosphate must be applied 4-5 days after applying lime on acidic soil to avoid volatilization loss of nitrogen and reduction of phosphorus effectiveness. (2) Aminated superphosphate In order to eliminate the adverse effects of free acid in superphosphate, a certain amount of ammonia is usually passed into superphosphate to make aminated superphosphate. Its main components are NH4H2PO4, CaHPO4 and (NH4 )2SO4, containing N2%-3%, P2O513%-15%. Aminated superphosphate is dry, loose, soluble in water (phosphorus is weakly acid-soluble), does not contain free acid, is not corrosive, has weak hygroscopicity and caking properties, good physical properties, and relatively stable properties. The fertilizer efficiency of ammonated superphosphate is slightly better than that of superphosphate. It is suitable for all types of crops and has the best effect when applied on acidic soil. Be careful not to mix it with alkaline substances to prevent the volatilization of ammonia and the degradation of phosphorus. Due to the low nitrogen content, other nitrogen fertilizers should be applied together with the same application method as superphosphate. (3) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a high-concentration phosphorus-potassium binary compound fertilizer. The pure product is white or off-white crystals with nutrients of 0-52-34. It has low hygroscopicity, good physical properties, and is easily soluble. In water, the aqueous solution has a pH of 3-4 and is expensive. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is suitable for seed soaking, seed dressing and root top dressing. The seed soaking concentration is 0.2% and the time is 12 hours. For every 100kg of solution, 30kg of soybeans and 50kg of wheat are soaked. Seed dressing is usually sprayed with a concentration of 1%, and the seeds are put into the ground on the same day. The spraying concentration is 0.2%-0.5%, and the dosage is 50kg-75kg per 667m2. It should be sprayed on the leaves in the afternoon on a sunny day so that it does not drip onto the ground. Spray three times continuously during the jointing and booting stage of wheat and before and after cotton blooms. Spraying 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on fruit trees during the fruit enlargement to coloring stage has a good effect on improving product quality.
(4) Potassium nitrate Potassium nitrate, commonly known as fire nitrate, is made by dissolving sodium nitrate and potassium chloride together and then recrystallizing or extracting it from nitrate soil. Its molecular formula is KNO3. Containing N13%, containing K2O46%. Pure potassium nitrate is white crystal, and the crude product is slightly yellow. It is hygroscopic and easily soluble in water. It is a chemically neutral and physiologically neutral fertilizer. It is easy to explode at high temperatures and is a flammable and explosive substance. Pay attention to safety during storage, transportation and application. Potassium nitrate is suitable for dry land topdressing. The dosage is generally 5667m2-10667m2. It has good fertilizer effect on potatoes, tobacco, sugar beets, grapes, sweet potatoes and other crops that like potassium but avoid chlorine. It also responds well to leguminous crops. If used for other Crops should be combined with elemental nitrogen fertilizer to improve fertilizer efficiency. Potassium nitrate can also be used as top dressing outside the roots, with a suitable concentration of 0.6%-1%. In arid areas, it can also be mixed with organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, and the dosage is about 10667m2. Since the N:K2O ratio of potassium nitrate is 1:3.5 and the potassium content is high, the potassium content should be used as the basis for fertilizer calculation. Nitrogen deficiency can be supplemented by elemental nitrogen fertilizer. (5) Urea ammonium phosphate The composition of urea ammonium phosphate is CO(NH2)2•(NH4)2HPO4, which is made from urea and ammonium phosphate. Its nutrient content can be 37-17-0, 29-29-0, 25-25-0, etc. It is a high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer. The N and P nutrients are water-soluble, N: P2O5 The ratio is 1:1 or 2:1 and is easily absorbed and utilized by crops. Urea ammonium phosphate is suitable for various types of soil and various crops. Its fertilizer efficiency is better than simple fertilizers with equal amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. Its application method is the same as ammonium phosphate. (6) Ammonium phosphate potassium fertilizer Ammonium phosphate potassium fertilizer is a ternary compound fertilizer made of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate and phosphate mixed in different proportions, or made from ammonium phosphate and potassium salt. Due to different formulation ratios, the nutrient ratios are 12-24-12, 10-20-15, and 10-30-10 respectively. The proportion of phosphorus in ammonium phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is relatively large. Elemental nitrogen and potassium fertilizers can be appropriately combined to adjust the proportions and better exert the fertilizer effect. Ammonium phosphate potassium fertilizer is a high-concentration compound fertilizer. It and potassium nitrate are often used as special fertilizers in tobacco areas.
